Citation+Resources

"In research writing, sources are cited for two reasons: to alert readers to the sources of your information and to give credit to the writers from whom you have borrowed words and ideas." --Diana Hacker, //A Writer's Reference//

A full citation generally consistes of two parts; a list of sources at the end of a paper or project and short, in-text references to let the reader know which source was used for a specific fact. A good citation includes enough information to identify a source and find it again. The most basic information included in a citation is: However, each type of source (book, magazine, website, interview) has its own unique rules, and it is important to check what should be included, and in what format, in each citation. Generating citations can be tricky, but there are many resources out there to help you. Two of the most popular are[|Easybib] and the [|Citation Machine]. These will both help you by guiding you through the process of creating and formatting a citation.
 * Author
 * Title
 * Date

Additional help may be found at the [|Perdue Online Writing Lab], [|Easybib Citation Guide], or by asking the librarian.
 * [[image:Easybib.JPG link="http://www.easybib.com/"]] || [[file:Using EasyBib to Generate Citation with Websites and Databases.docx]] || [[image:chicopee/Purdued2ef.png link="http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/2/"]] ||

=Sample Citations (in MLA Format)=

Organization associated with the site (if given ). Date retrieved dd Mmm. yyyy . || 7 Feb. 2003 <[]>. || Published dd Mmm. yyyy . Date Retrieved dd Mmm. yyyy . ||  18 Mar. 2007 <[]. html>. || __Title of Web site __. Date Retrieved dd Mmm. yyyy . || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"><[]>. || =Sample Bibliography or Works Cited Page= A bibliography or works cited page comes at the end of the paper, and includes the full citations for all sources used in creating a paper. This list is alphabetized by the first word in each citation, and includes formatting to make it easier to read. The second line of a source is typically indented, and there is usually a blank line in between each source.
 * ===Book=== ||
 * =====Format===== || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">AuthorLastname <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">, <span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">AuthorFirstname <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Book Title __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> Publication City: <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Publishing Company <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">, <span style="color: #008080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Year Published. ||
 * =====Sample===== || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Maculay, <span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">David <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">The New Way Things Work __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Boston: <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Houghton Mifflin <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">, <span style="color: #008080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">1998. ||
 * ===Magazine or Newspaper=== ||
 * =====Format===== || =====<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">AuthorLastname <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">, <span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">AuthorFirstname <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. " <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Article Title <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">." __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Magazine or Newspaper Title __ <span style="color: #008080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Date Month Year <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">: <span style="color: #ff6699; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Page Numbers Inclusive <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. ===== ||
 * =====Sample===== || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Kavanaugh <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">, <span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> Jennifer <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. " <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Drawing Pictures of the Future <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">." __Springfield Republican__ <span style="color: #008080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">6 Dec. 2000 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">: <span style="color: #ff6699; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> 7 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. ||
 * ===Website - General=== ||
 * =====Format===== || AuthorLastname, Author Firstname . __ Page title. __ Date Published or revised Mmm. yyyyif known.
 * =====Sample===== || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Taylor <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">, <span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Jennifer <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">__Ancient Greek Civilizations__ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. <span style="color: #008080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">1999 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">eMuseum Minnesota State University Mankato <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">.
 * ===Website - Magazine or Newspaper=== ||
 * =====Format===== || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">AuthorLastname <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">, <span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">AuthorFirstname <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. " <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Article Title <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">." __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Newspaper or Magazine Title __ <span style="color: #008080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Date
 * =====Sample===== || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Tedeschi <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">, <span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Bob <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. " <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Pet Supplies Find Sales on Internet <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">." __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">New York Times on the Web __ <span style="color: #008080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> 28 Oct. 2002 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">.
 * ===Website - Pictures=== ||
 * =====Format===== || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">ArtistLastname <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">, <span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Artist Firstname <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. " <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Description or title of image <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">." <span style="color: #008080; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Date of image (if known) <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> Online image.
 * =====Sample===== || <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Smith <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">, <span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Greg. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;"> " <span style="color: #ff9900; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Rhesus Monkeys in the Zoo <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">." Online image. __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">Monkey Picture Gallery __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">. <span style="color: #666666; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">3 May 2005
 * The above samples were found on the Palo Alto School Library Web Page. ||
 * [|http://staff.pausd.org/~middlelibrary/bibliographyexamples.html] ||
 * [|http://staff.pausd.org/~middlelibrary/bibliographyexamples.html] ||

Sample Works Cited
"The History of Monopoly Game Tokens » All About Fun and Games."//All About Fun and Games//. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Aug. 2012. __<[]>.__
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Chertoff, Nina, and Susan Kahn. //Celebrating Board Games//. New York: Sterling Pub. Co, 2006.

__"Monopoly - 75 Years Young." //Hasbro Toys & Games for Kids, Board Games & Action Figures//. Hasbro, n.d. Web. 3 Aug. 2012.__ <[]>.

Orbanes, Philip. //Monopoly: The World's Most Famous Game & How It Got That Way.// Cambridge, Mass.: Da Capo Press, 2006.

"The True History of the Monopoly Game." //Understanding Economics//. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Aug. 2012. <[]>. ||

=Sample In-Text Citations= In-text citations help readers match specific facts in a paper with the sources they came from, located in the bibliography. In-text citations vary by format (MLA, APA, etc.), but typically include the author of a work, and the page number consulted. They are used to cite facts, statistics, quotes and opinions of persons other than the writer. For instance:


 * ===Sample paragraph from paper=== ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">The board game "Monopoly" is one of the most popular and well-known in the world; it has sold over 275 million copies and is available in 111 countries and 43 languages ("Monopoly - 75 Years Young"). The place names in "Monopoly" are based on actual streets and places in Atlantic City, New Jersey (Orbanes, 51-52). ||
 * ===Sample works cited=== ||
 * || "Monopoly - 75 years Young." //Hasbro Toys and Games for Kids, Board Games & Action Figures.// Hasbro, 2012. Web. 3 Aug 2012. __<[]>.

Orbanes, Philip. //Monopoly: The World's Most Famous Game and How It Got That Way.// Cambridge, Mass: Da Capo Press, 2006. || = =

[|Citing Non-traditional Sources]